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Bow legs

the complete guide

Genu varum, also known as bow legs, is an orthopedic condition in which the knees are spread apart while the ankles touch when the feet are together.

In this complete guide, we'll explore in detail the causes, symptoms and treatment options for genu varum.

Genu varum, causes et traitements

What is a genu varum?

Le terme « genu varum » désigne une condition orthopédique dans laquelle les genoux sont écartés tandis que les chevilles se touchent lorsque les pieds sont joints. En d’autres termes, les jambes présentent une courbure vers l’extérieur au niveau des genoux, ce qui crée un espace entre les genoux lorsque les pieds sont joints.

Le genu varum est également connu sous d’autres noms tels que « jambes arquées » ou « bowlegs » en anglais. Cette condition peut être présente depuis la naissance (congénitale) ou se développer au fil du temps en raison de facteurs tels que des anomalies de croissance osseuse, des troubles musculo-squelettiques ou des maladies osseuses.

Dans les cas légers de genu varum, la déformation peut ne pas causer de problèmes significatifs et peut même disparaître naturellement à mesure que l’enfant grandit. Cependant, dans les cas plus sévères, le genu varum peut entraîner des symptômes tels que des douleurs articulaires, des difficultés à marcher ou à courir, ou des problèmes de posture et d’équilibre.

Treatment of genu varum depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the condition. It may include conservative measures such as muscle-strengthening exercises, orthopedic devices like orthoses or special shoes, physiotherapy or, in some cases, surgery to correct the deformity.

Genu varum
Genu varum
Genu Varum / Valgum
Normal anatomy
Genu Valgum
Genu valgum

What causes bow legs?

Bow legs, medically known as genu varum, can have several causes, including:

  1. Congenital anomalies : Some people are born with bowed legs due to genetic or developmental factors that affect bone and joint growth.
  2. Bone growth disorders : Des conditions telles que le rachitisme, qui est une carence en vitamine D ou en calcium, ou l’ostéomalacie, qui est une ramollissement des os, peuvent entraîner des déformations des os, y compris des jambes arquées.
  3. Posture problems : Poor posture can contribute to the development of bow legs, especially if maintained over long periods of time during growth.
  4. Muscle weakness : Weak muscles around the knees and ankles may not provide adequate support, leading to leg deformity.
  5. Bone diseases : Certaines maladies osseuses, telles que l’ostéogenèse imparfaite (maladie des os de verre) ou des tumeurs osseuses, peuvent entraîner des anomalies de la croissance osseuse, y compris des jambes arquées.
  6. Traumatic injuries : Poorly healed fractures or serious injuries to leg bones can also lead to deformities and bowed legs.

Il est important de noter que la cause exacte des jambes arquées peut varier d’une personne à l’autre, et dans de nombreux cas, plusieurs facteurs peuvent contribuer au développement de cette pathologie.

What are the symptoms of genu varum?

The symptoms associated with genu varum, or bow legs, can vary depending on the severity of the condition and individual factors. Common symptoms typically include:

  1. Visible deformation : Les jambes arquées se manifestent par une courbure vers l’extérieur des jambes au niveau des genoux, tandis que les chevilles se touchent lorsque les pieds sont joints. Cette déformation peut être plus ou moins prononcée en fonction de la sévérité du genu varum.
  2. Pain: Les personnes souffrant de genu varum peuvent ressentir des douleurs dans les genoux, les chevilles ou les hanches, en particulier lorsqu’elles sont debout ou qu’elles effectuent des activités qui mettent une pression sur les articulations.
  3. Discomfort: Une sensation d’inconfort ou de gêne peut être ressentie au niveau des genoux ou des chevilles, surtout après une activité physique prolongée ou intense.
  4. Abnormal gait : Les jambes arquées peuvent affecter la démarche d’une personne, lui donnant une démarche anormale ou instable.
  5. Difficulty walking or running: Some people may find it difficult to walk or run comfortably due to leg deformity and associated pain.
  6. Problèmes de stabilité ou d’équilibre : Les jambes arquées peuvent entraîner des problèmes de stabilité ou d’équilibre, ce qui peut rendre certaines activités physiques plus difficiles ou dangereuses.


Il est important de noter que les symptômes peuvent varier d’une personne à l’autre et peuvent être plus ou moins graves en fonction de la sévérité du genu varum.

How to correct genu varum?

La correction du genu varum, ou jambes arquées, dépend de plusieurs facteurs, notamment la gravité de la pathologie, la cause sous-jacente et l’âge du patient. Voici quelques approches de traitement qui peuvent être utilisées pour corriger le genu varum :

  • Muscle-strengthening exercises : Exercises targeting leg muscles, especially those around the knees and ankles, may be recommended to strengthen muscles and improve joint stability.
  • Foot orthotics (orthopedic insoles) : Orthopaedic devices such as orthopedic insoles peuvent être prescrites pour soutenir les jambes et aider à corriger la déformation. Ces orthèses plantaires s’avèrent être très efficaces pour rééquilibrer correctement l’axe des pieds, chevilles et genoux. Elles permettent ainsi de limiter les douleurs et autres pathologies liées aux jambes arquées.
  • Physiotherapy : Physiotherapy can be recommended to help improve joint range of motion, strengthen muscles and correct muscle imbalances that contribute to genu varum.
  • Orthopedic shoes : Specially designed shoes with arch support and proper alignment may be recommended to help correct posture and reduce pressure on joints.
  • Surgery: Dans les cas graves de genu varum qui ne répondent pas aux traitements conservateurs, une intervention chirurgicale peut être envisagée. La chirurgie peut impliquer une ostéotomie, où les os sont coupés et réalignés, ou d’autres procédures visant à corriger la déformation.

Orthopedic insoles for genu varum

Orthopedic insoles play an important role in the treatment of genu varum by providing additional support, correcting biomechanical imbalances and reducing pressure on the joints.

Here's how orthopedic inserts can benefit genu varum sufferers:

  • Alignment correction: Les semelles orthopédiques peuvent être conçues pour corriger l’alignement des pieds, des chevilles et des genoux, ce qui peut contribuer à réduire la déformation des jambes associée au genu varum.
  • Pressure distribution : Orthopedic insoles evenly distribute the pressure exerted on the feet when walking or running, reducing stress on the joints and easing the pain associated with genu varum.
  • Arch support : Les semelles orthopédiques fournissent un soutien supplémentaire à la voûte plantaire, ce qui aide à stabiliser les pieds et à améliorer l’alignement des jambes et des genoux.
  • Shock absorption : Orthopedic insoles are made from shock-absorbing materials that absorb shocks when walking or running, reducing pressure on joints and easing pain.

ORTHOPEDIC INSOLES
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New Equilibre insoles have been tested and approved by thousands of users. Their effectiveness is clinically proven. It's easy to order your insoles exclusively from our online store, and regain the comfort your feet deserve.

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ORTHOPEDIC INSOLES
SPORT ELITE PRO

5 out of 5

110,00 €

ORTHOPEDIC INSOLES
SPORT ELITE PRO

5 out of 5

110,00 €

ORTHOPEDIC INSOLES
SPORT ELITE PRO

5 out of 5

110,00 €

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        New Equilibre

        High-tech orthopedic insoles, developed by French orthopedists.,
        which have required over 35 years of research and in-house testing.

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        New Equilibre's orthopedic insoles are a subsidiary of Forlini Orthopédie. They adapt to all morphologies, flat or hollow feet, valgus or varus feet, and to all types of footwear, for the city, for work and for sport.

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